Understanding and effectively treating knee pain

Knee pain is one of the most common orthopedic problems affecting people of all ages. Whether caused by sports, an injury or age-related wear and tear, knee pain can significantly affect the quality of life. In this blog, you will learn about the causes, treatment options and preventive measures to prevent and relieve knee pain.

1. Causes of knee pain

Knee pain can be caused by various factors, including acute injuries, chronic overload or degenerative diseases.

a) Acute injuries

• Meniscus tear: Often occurs during sudden twisting movements and causes pain and limited mobility.
• Torn cruciate ligament: One of the most serious knee injuries, often caused by sports with rapid changes of direction.
• Ligament strain or sprain: Occurs due to sudden overstretching of the knee ligaments.

b) Chronic pain & overload

• Osteoarthritis: Cartilage wear leads to pain and restricted movement.
• Patellar tendonitis ("Jumper's knee") : An overload of the patellar tendon, often caused by jumping sports.
• Runner's knee: Pain on the outside of the knee caused by irritation of the tendon structure.

c) Inflammatory diseases

• Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa, often caused by repeated stress or pressure.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect the knee joints.

2. Treatment of knee pain

The right treatment depends on the cause of the pain. Here are the main methods for pain relief:

a) Immediate measures (acute treatment)

PECH rule: rest, ice, compression, elevation for quick relief after injuries.

Rest & relief: Avoid heavy strain and use aids such as bandages or supports.

b) Physiotherapy & strengthening

Targeted exercises to strengthen the thigh and buttock muscles.

Improve mobility through stretching and balance training.

c) Pain therapy & medication

Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or diclofenac.

Local applications with ointments or cold packs.

d) Use of kinesiology tapes

• Supports joint stability & relieves muscles.
• Improves blood circulation & lymphatic drainage.
• Reduces pain through gentle skin stimulation.

e) Alternative therapies

Acupuncture can help relieve chronic knee pain.

Hyaluronic acid injections can protect cartilage in osteoarthritis.

3. Prevention of knee pain

Prevention is the best protection against long-term knee problems.

a) Build strong leg muscles

Regular strengthening exercises for thighs, buttocks and calves.

Knee-stabilizing exercises such as lunges or squats.

b) Wear proper footwear

Special running shoes can relieve pressure on the knee.

Use insoles for misalignments such as knock-knees or bowlegs.

c) Prefer joint-friendly training

Sports such as cycling, swimming or hiking are more knee-friendly than jumping sports.

Proper warm-up before exercise to avoid injuries.

d) Use kinesiology tapes for prevention

Reduces incorrect loading & relieves tendons and ligaments.

Ideal for athletes to prevent overuse injuries.

Conclusion

Knee pain can be caused by many factors, but with the right measures it can be effectively treated or even avoided. A combination of targeted training, physiotherapy support and the use of kinesiology tape can help to relieve the strain on the knees and prevent long-term problems.

If you suffer from knee pain, you should take appropriate measures early on to prevent it from getting worse. Your knee carries you through life - so take good care of its health!